Ubuziranenge bw'ibipimo by'imashini ipima amaso buzaterwa n'ibintu bitatu, ari byo amakosa y'amaso, amakosa y'imikorere y'abantu n'amakosa y'imikorere y'umuntu.
Ikosa rya mekanike rikunze kubaho cyane cyane mu gikorwa cyo gukora no guteranya imashini ipima amaso. Dushobora kugabanya iri kosa neza mu kunoza ubwiza bw'imashini mu gihe cyo kuyiteranya.
Ibi bikurikira ni ingamba zo kwirinda amakosa ya tekiniki:
1. Mu gushyiraho uruzitiro rw'inzira, ishingiro ryarwo rigomba kuba riringaniye bihagije, kandi hagomba gukoreshwa ikimenyetso cy'aho uruzitiro rugana kugira ngo ruhindure uburyohe bwarwo.
2. Mu gushyiraho imirasire ya X na Y, igomba kandi kuguma mu buryo butambitse rwose.
3. Imbonerahamwe y'akazi igomba guhindurwa hakurikijwe urwego n'ubugari, ariko iki ni ikizamini cy'ubushobozi bw'umutekinisiye mu guteranya.
Ikosa ry'urumuri ni ukugoreka no kugoreka bivuka hagati y'inzira y'urumuri n'ibice byarwo mu gihe cyo gufata amashusho, ibi bikaba bifitanye isano rya hafi n'uburyo kamera ikora. Urugero, iyo urumuri rw'impanuka runyuze muri buri lenzi, ikosa ryo kugaruka n'ikosa ry'aho CCD iri muri lattice position birakorwa, bityo sisitemu y'urumuri igira ihinduka ry'imiterere y'urumuri ritari umurongo umwe, bigatuma habaho ubwoko butandukanye bw'ihinduka ry'imiterere y'urumuri hagati y'aho ishusho y'ishusho iherereye n'aho ishusho y'ishusho iherereye.
Ibi bikurikira ni intangiriro ngufi y'ibintu byinshi bigoreka:
1. Guhindura imirasire: Ni ikibazo ahanini cy’uburinganire bw’umurongo mukuru w’urukiramende rwa kamera, ni ukuvuga inenge za CCD n’imiterere y’urukiramende.
2. Guhindagurika kw'amajwi: Impamvu nyamukuru ni uko inkingi z'amajwi za buri lenzi zidashobora kuba zihuza neza, bigatuma inkingi z'amajwi n'inkingi z'amajwi zihindagurika.
3. Kugoreka kwa prismu nto: Bingana no kongera prismu nto kuri sisitemu y'amatara, bitazatera gusa kugoreka kwa radial, ahubwo bizanatera kugoreka kwa tangential. Ibi biterwa n'imiterere y'ikirahure, inenge mu nganda, n'amakosa yo gushyiraho imashini.
Ikosa rya nyuma ni ikosa ry’umuntu, rifitanye isano rya hafi n’imikorere y’umukoresha kandi ahanini rigaragara ku mashini zikoreshwa n’intoki n’imashini zikoresha ikoranabuhanga rito.
Ikosa ry'umuntu rigizwe ahanini n'ibi bikurikira:
1. Shaka ikosa ry'ikintu cyo gupima (inkombe zitarabagirana n'izidafite ubukana)
2. Ikosa ryo guhindura uburebure bw'umurongo wa Z (ikosa ryo gusuzuma neza ingingo z'ingenzi)
Byongeye kandi, ubuhanga bw'imashini ipima amaso bufitanye isano rya bugufi n'inshuro ikoreshwa, ibungabungwa buri gihe n'aho ikoreshwa. Ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bisaba isuku ihoraho, ikomeza gusukura kandi yumye iyo idakoreshwa, kandi ikarinda ahantu hameze nk'aho hari urusaku rwinshi cyangwa hari umuyaga mwinshi iyo uyikoresha.
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: Kamena-13-2022