Nk'ikoranabuhanga ryo kugenzura amashusho, ikoranabuhanga ryo gupima amashusho rigomba gukora ibipimo by'ingano. Ubuhanga bwo gupima buri gihe bwabaye ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi gikurikiranwa n'iri koranabuhanga. Sisitemu zo gupima amashusho ubusanzwe zikoresha ibikoresho byo gupima amashusho nka CCD kugira ngo zibone amakuru y'amashusho, ziyahinduremo ibimenyetso bya digitale hanyuma ziyakusanyirize muri mudasobwa, hanyuma zigakoresha ikoranabuhanga ryo gutunganya amashusho kugira ngo zitunganye ibimenyetso by'amashusho ya digitale kugira ngo zibone amashusho atandukanye akenewe. Kubara amakosa y'ingano, imiterere n'aho aherereye bigerwaho hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gupima kugira ngo hahindurwe amakuru y'ingano y'amashusho muri sisitemu yo guhuza amashusho mu makuru nyayo y'ingano.
Mu myaka ya vuba aha, bitewe n’iterambere ryihuse ry’ubushobozi bw’inganda mu gukora no kunoza ikoranabuhanga ryo gutunganya ibintu, hagaragaye umubare munini w’ibicuruzwa bifite ingano ebyiri zikomeye cyane, ari byo binini n’ibito. Urugero, gupima ibipimo byo hanze by’indege, gupima ibice by’ingenzi by’imashini nini, gupima EMU. Gupima ibipimo by’ibice bito by’ibice by’ingenzi Icyerekezo cyo gukora ibikoresho bitandukanye mu buryo buto, gupima ibipimo by’ibice by’ingenzi mu ikoranabuhanga riciriritse n’ikoranabuhanga rya bio, nibindi, byose bizana imirimo mishya yo gupima ikoranabuhanga. Ikoranabuhanga ryo gupima amashusho rifite urwego rwagutse rwo gupima. Biragoye cyane gukoresha ibipimo gakondo bya mashini ku bipimo binini n’ibito. Ikoranabuhanga ryo gupima amashusho rishobora gutanga igipimo runaka cy’ikintu cyapimwe hakurikijwe ibisabwa kugira ngo gikore neza. Kuramo cyangwa gupima kugira ngo urangize imirimo yo gupima bidashoboka hamwe n’ibipimo bya mashini. Kubwibyo, byaba ari gupima binini cyane cyangwa gupima bito, uruhare rw’ingenzi rw’ikoranabuhanga ryo gupima amashusho ruragaragara.
Muri rusange, tuvuga ibice bifite ingano kuva kuri 0.1mm kugeza kuri 10mm nk'ibice bito, kandi ibi bice bisobanurwa ku rwego mpuzamahanga nk'ibice bya mesoscale. Ibisabwa neza by'ibi bice ni byinshi, muri rusange ku rwego rwa mikoroni, kandi imiterere yabyo iragoye, kandi uburyo gakondo bwo kumenya buracyagoye guhaza ibikenewe mu gupima. Sisitemu zo gupima amashusho zabaye uburyo busanzwe bwo gupima ibice bito. Ubwa mbere, tugomba gushushanya igice kirimo kugeragezwa (cyangwa imiterere y'ingenzi y'igice kirimo kugeragezwa) dukoresheje lens y'urumuri ifite ubushobozi bwo gukura bihagije ku cyuma gipima ishusho gihuye. Shaka ishusho irimo amakuru y'intego yo gupima ihuye n'ibisabwa, hanyuma ukusanye ishusho muri mudasobwa ukoresheje ikarita yo kubona amashusho, hanyuma ugakora gutunganya no kubara amashusho ukoresheje mudasobwa kugira ngo ubone igisubizo cyo gupima.
Ikoranabuhanga ryo gupima amashusho mu rwego rw'ibice bito ahanini rifite ibi bikurikira: 1. Kongera kunoza uburyo bwo gupima neza. Hamwe no kunoza urwego rw'inganda, ibisabwa ku buryo bunonosoye ku bice bito bizarushaho kunozwa, bityo kunoza uburyo bwo gupima neza ikoranabuhanga ryo gupima amashusho. Muri icyo gihe, hamwe n'iterambere ryihuse ry'ibikoresho bipima amashusho, ibikoresho bifite ubushobozi bwo kureba kure nabyo bishyiraho uburyo bwo kunoza uburyo bwo gukoresha neza porogaramu. Byongeye kandi, ubushakashatsi burambuye ku ikoranabuhanga rya sub-pixel n'ikoranabuhanga rigaragaza ubushobozi bwo kureba kure buzatanga inkunga ya tekiniki mu kunoza uburyo bwo gukoresha neza porogaramu.
2. Kunoza imikorere myiza yo gupima. Ikoreshwa ry'ibice bito mu nganda ririmo kwiyongera ku rwego rwa geometrike, imirimo ikomeye yo gupima 100% mu buryo bwo gupima no gukora ibishushanyo mbonera bisaba gupima neza. Hamwe no kunoza ubushobozi bw'ibikoresho nka mudasobwa no gukomeza kunoza uburyo bwo gutunganya amashusho, imikorere myiza ya sisitemu zo gupima amashusho izarushaho kwiyongera.
3. Menya uburyo agace gato k’ibice bipima ibintu gahinduka kuva mu buryo bwo gupima ingingo ukajya mu buryo rusange bwo gupima. Ikoranabuhanga risanzweho ryo gupima amashusho rigengwa n’uburyo bwo gupima neza, kandi ahanini shushanya agace k’ingenzi mu gice gito, kugira ngo umenye uburyo ingingo y’ingenzi ipimwa, kandi biragoye gupima imiterere yose cyangwa ingingo yose y’ingenzi.
Hamwe no kunoza uburyo bwo gupima neza, kubona ishusho yuzuye y'igice no kugera ku gupima neza ikosa ry'imiterere rusange bizakoreshwa mu nzego nyinshi.
Muri make, mu rwego rwo gupima ibice bito, imikorere myiza cyane y’ikoranabuhanga ryo gupima amashusho neza nta kabuza izaba icyerekezo cy’ingenzi cy’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga ryo gupima neza. Kubwibyo, sisitemu yo kubona amashusho yabonye ibisabwa cyane ku bwiza bw’ishusho, gushyira amashusho mu mwanya wayo, gupima sisitemu, nibindi, kandi ifite amahirwe menshi yo kuyikoresha n’akamaro k’ubushakashatsi. Kubwibyo, iri koranabuhanga ryabaye ahantu hanini hakorerwa ubushakashatsi mu gihugu no mu mahanga, kandi ryabaye rimwe mu mashami y’ingenzi mu ikoranabuhanga ryo kugenzura amashusho.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-16-2022